How Apple Incs Strategy Is Affected After Globalization Economics Essay

How Apple Incs Strategy Is Affected After Globalization Economics Essay In this twenty first century, globalization has an effect in each economy. Universe of today is viewed as joined as a bundle nations without any limits. Crude materials from various nations are being prepared in another nation to make merchandise items are being showcased in another nation. It is the cutting edge idea of the globalization. An organization goes universal for such a significant number of reasons like, little local market, unfavorable government strategy in home nation, popularity of the item in remote market and so on. FDI over the globe had a fixed rise with a sharp development in the second quarter of 2008. Indeed, even it was not influenced such a great amount by monetary emergency during downturn in 2008. FDI is fundamentally begun from the propelled economy like USA.[ Peter Dicken] In this paper we have picked acclaimed electronic contraption producer APPLE as our organization, which is for the most part situated in USA, has extended its creation unit in EUROPE and ASIA. It is masculine celebrated for presentation of another age in cell phone industry by tenderizing iPHONE MACBOOK in pc segment. As of late they have propelled iPAD in the market which go to be an extraordinary achievement. How their technique has been influenced when they go worldwide by the primary three elements (1.Technology.2.geography.3.goverment arrangements ) has been portrayed beneath. Innovation: For an item to turn out to be progressively worthy by quality, suggested innovation of creation assumes a significant job. Remote direct speculation possibilities can be impelled to another level if the nature of creation can be held in a practical way. Thus, venture chance of a nation is fundamentally impacted by its inward turn of events, innovation and development. These characteristic improvements are consistently in the lamplight of MNCs and are viably made use by them. Apple has met its venture prospects in China as this nation keeps up the one of a kind work quality in amassing the contributions for definite creation. As a piece of corporate worldwide methodology, organization has given re-appropriating more significance simultaneously granting order high command over item honesty. At the point when Mac produce iPods in China, it isn't created in a plant possessed by Apple. It is been contracted with outsider to deliver IPods with the particulars Apple gives. Additionally from redistributing, Apple is sourcing quality items for gathering from outside nations and some even from China itself by dividing its gracefully chain viably. The standard of variables of creation is set to meet the prerequisites set by Apple Inc. In the event that the organization isn't fruitful in observing the technique which is being executed in a nation, it will in the long run demolish companys notoriety. The unpretentious execution of internationalization system is been brought forth so that Apple items are utilized to its most extreme utility. For utilizing the items to its most extreme levels, complex innovative work is being brought out through universal speculations and inborn noteworthy advances. Exchange hypothesis gives light by how much extents the different elements of data sources required at each phase of a creation procedure, along with different contributions at similar expenses, affecting the venture proposition. As innovation is one of the significant contribution of creation, while confining up a universal methodology it must be managed well while putting resources into an outside nation. The similar expense of the innovation delivered for creation is extremely huge as it adds to the universal evaluating system. The quality innovation which is been produced in China holds cost advantage when it is contrasted with a similar innovation executed in US. Trend setting innovation is pioneer to creation of any inventive items however this innovation must be gotten to in a practical way to deliver seriously valued item. Talented work is another essential which ought to be considered in quality creation. Significant expense of work in United States of America can be a down beating factor in home nation which can be disposed of through outside direct venture. Consequently, advantage is been inferred in the host nation as far as innovation execution through talented work power easily. Apple Incs business foundation in China is an inconspicuous model for their strategic part in internationalization system. Topography: The land scattering implies that companys exercises are not concentrated to a solitary nation rather it is scattered between various nations. The creation in outside nation can be started in two different ways in particular Merges obtaining and Greenfield venture. Greenfield venture implies setting up another plant and physical resources in the outside nation while Merges securing implies converging with a remote firm or purchasing existing resources in a remote nation. The expense of topographical scattering can be of three kinds which is firm level, plant level and the economies of mix inevitable. Practically 54% companys topographical commercial center is arranged in United States. Last get together of companys item is predominantly done in Ireland by outer merchants in California, Texas, China, Korea, and so forth. Assembling gracefully of numerous basic segments is executed by sole sourced outsider sellers from Taiwan, Germany, US, Germany, Korea, Netherlands and so on. Be that as it may, primary get together part is done in China by sole sourced outsider merchants. That implies its creation input has been partitioned into sub class arranged in various nations. So it is a case of unified vertical Foreign Direct speculation by apple where its headquartering is arranged in US. The advantage of geological scattering for the organization is that, it can diminish the expense of essential contribution as the cost for inputs changes in various areas. It additionally causes the organization to bring down working expense and lessens the companys direct authority over the creation and circulation. This additionally helps in bringing down the exchange cost and empowers it to catch the business sectors. For instance, the speculation choice to make the items from China causes the organization to have a superior power over the Asian markets. Likewise the expense brought about in sending out the items from United States to Asian market is a lot of lower when it is from China. The firm additionally appreciates economies of scale as the expense of creation is less due the scattering and the organization can utilize gifted and modest work. Regardless of its advantages, its unsure what negative impacts will this have on the organization. The reduced operational control may affect the nature of the items or administrations or its adaptability to react to changes. This may unfavorably influence the notoriety of the organization. Another issue is that, if the assembling or offering calculated types of assistance in the other nation is upset for any causes like catastrophic event, war, policy driven issues, general wellbeing, disappointment in data innovation framework, budgetary emergencies may really influence the companys money related condition and activity. GOVERNMENT POLICIES: The vertical outside direct speculation methodology of Apple is profitably and clearly encircled up by the impact of world of politics or exchange approaches that work inside the nation. The flexibly chain is divided and for gathering, the Apples input products are sourced from extraordinary undertaking zones of China where a lot of import obligations and expenses are deferred. The administration exchange strategy impacts the complicated flexibly chain the board and redistributing of the organization. Apple being an American worldwide drives a procedure that protects itself from remote trade dangers. The value the organization needs to pay for a particular information thing in a particular nation is impacted by the trade paces of monetary forms at that point. The organization shows an example of a decent net beneficiary of monetary standards with the exception of the American dollar. As the US dollars picks up quality, it will contrarily influence the Apples net deals and gross edge verbalized in American dollars. Monetary developments are produced by the global money related streams. The budgetary developments are significantly affected by the money related and financial arrangement of a legislature. This degree of impact decides the strength of monetary execution. As US government will in general keep up extremely low loan fees to help the interest for lodging and advancing the restoration of building industry, global capital streams are conceivable. It might bring about progres sively capital surges and a more fragile dollar. A quick impact can be seen in the US yield because of more US sends out. Hence for Apple, more vulnerable dollar gives more euro acquiring and permits it to express a raised benefit rate to it partners. [Linden 2008] Numerous monetary developments are generated out from the presentation of capital streams. There is a monetary noteworthiness of universal money related instruments like advances or choices when Apple manages it. July 2008 Company reports expressed that the Apple inc was happy to go into forward and alternative dealings of remote monetary standards. This additionally incorporated some deliberately dedicated exchanges, the venture organization had in outside auxiliaries, guage future incomes and so forth. Obviously, practice of the organization was to support an enormous number of its material remote trade exposures for certain months. [Apple inc, 2008] The movement of this model bestows light into the system confined up by Apple in handling the impact of rising costs as well. A creating nation like China has wonderful accomplishment in controlling the expansion. Apple has a curious stake in China where nation shows achievement in dealing with its economy from extraordinary weights and making higher expansion rates. Chinese national bank set forward a straight approach in surrounding up the trade rates. Till July 2005, the approach maintained was to fix the rate it imposed to trade Chinese monetary forms for American d

The United States of America Essay Example For Students

The United States of America Essay Interest and boldness drove the English to find the East Coast ofwhat is presently the United States of America. These solid willed Europeans,determined to locate another world, set out with high expectations and desire. Settling an assortment of states along the shoreline of North America, theEnglish were among the principal genuine pioneers. After a few endeavors andshiploads of migrants, the English had a disparity of reasons fordeparting Europe for America. The pioneers of the Chesapeake and NewEngland states were outsiders to the land, however they built up twoexceptional yet opposite social orders because of the assorted variety of Englishcitizens. Chesapeake and New England states, in spite of the fact that from the sameEnglish foundation, created qualifications from the very beginning of thesixteenth century; their purposes behind escaping Europe, political standards,family life, religions and utilization of land. We will compose a custom paper on The United States of America explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now With King James I offering a sanction for the Virginia Company ofLondon, a business entity, to incite a settlement in the New World,profit filled Englishmen couldn't reject this charitable proposition. A promiseof brilliant terrains and another section course through America toward the West Indies,the generous men left on an excursion that, to their eyes, appeared to bethrough the tremendous obscure. Showing up on the shores of Chesapeake Bay in 1606,they were before long assaulted by Indians. At last choosing the JamesRiver (named out of appreciation for their King) the Virginia Company was constrained tomake their home inside a mosquito invaded and horribly locale. Starting their challenging hunt from the beginning, the obstinate men searchedfor gold day and night through starvation, lack of healthy sustenance, and ailment. TheEnglishmen of the Virginia Company journeyed to America with their souls inhope of gold and their psyches set on finding this valuable metal andnothing else. In the interim, back in England around the 1530s, King Henry VIII hadbroken ties with the Roman Catholic Church and was blessing himself theHead of the Church of England. Before long in 1603 King James I become the head ofthe Church of England making the Puritans restrict him as a spiritualleader. Since they could oppose him as a profound pioneer and afterward wouldcertainly challenge as a political pioneer too, King James I menaced them outof the land. Constrained to sail to America looking for strict tolerationthese English before long established Plymouth settlement. They were dissident known asPilgrims who settled the land in solid conviction that they would be free ofreligious arraignment. Coming to America for totally inverse motivationscaused these two provinces to start to differentiate from the very beginning. Controlling the provinces managing separate viewpoints on life,Governor John Winthrop of the Massachusetts Bay state (some portion of NewEngland) and Governor William Berkley of the Virginia settlement (part ofChesapeake) had a distinction in sees on the upraising of a network. As indicated by John Winthrop all individuals are equivalent; the rich, poor people, themean, and the ground-breaking. With God at the focal point of the New England colony,the explorers had faith in cooperating as one for the greatness of God,where the homesteaders at Chesapeake accepted that one man could be betterthen another. In 1630 while Governor Winthrop was on board the Arbella hewrites that the network needs to maintain an association together. Theirunity ought to be complied with one soul of harmony for everybody is a worthyservant of Christ. Then again Governor Berkeleys perspective wasquite fluctuated structure that of Winthrops. In an announcement to his gathering ondefending Virginia against a Dutch assault in 1673, Berkeley addresses hiscouncil by disclosing to them that it is their obligation to participate in a war toguard their nation. By announcing that Negroes and men under water are not goodenough to guard the nation, he is obviously putting individuals of his st ate insocial request, which is actually what the Governor of the New Englandcolonies lectured against. .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 , .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 .postImageUrl , .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 , .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562:hover , .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562:visited , .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562:active { border:0!important; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562:active , .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562:hover { darkness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content embellishment: underline; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ub967aefdd ce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ub967aefddce3a3c98e1059ac578ad562:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Salem Witch Trials EssayThese two sufficient governors strived to accomplish the best for theircolonies and helped the development of two separate social orders. Both governors,although originating from profoundly various foundations and outlooks had simularreasons for the distinctive view focuses on the plan of each the NewEngland and the Chesapeake settlements. The distinctions in family life,religion and land draw the last line where these two particular coloniesdivide in contrast and advancement. Escaping from strict persecution,the explorers moved to New England in affectionate families. In 1635 thepassengers making a b eeline for America for New England ran from youngsters toteenagers, to moderately aged men, and in this way the New England provinces wereunited from the beginning with a wealthy family way of life. On another note,the ships list for travelers coming to Virginia in 1635 included mostlymen ages from 14 to a couple multi year olds. A 6 to 1 men/ladies proportion revealsthat family life was not a need for the Virginians. New Englandemphasized religion and family esteems, while Chesapeake concentrated onslavery, hirelings and flourishing their tobacco businesses. Correspondence andintegrity lead the New England provinces to far reaching endurance. In Massachusetts, an Article of Agreement was framed for the citizensto grasp. The articles join a rundown that encapsulates contracts for thecommunity to follow so as to gain a work. The residents of NewEngland were leveled headed, preservationist, and composed. Then, arebellion in Chesapeake against the senator was going to present. Nathaniel Bacon, a 29-year-old contractually bound slave propelled an attackagainst William Berkeley because of his toleration with the Indians and theirfrustration with broken desires for procuring land. Bacon affirmed adeclaration supporting his assault against Berkeley in 1676, by remarkingthat a few residents are building bigger bequests and taking the publictreasure, while they (the contracted workers) make by on simply nothing. Looking at these two disputable settlements shows that the residents ofeach network lead comprehensively various ways of life. While New Englandcivilians were creating laws of consent to live by based around theirfaith, the individuals of Chesapeake are discovering approaches against their faithby assaulting their representative. This shows the two settlements mainfocuses are not almost related. Utilizing slaves and contracted hirelings forfarming and developing the place that is known for Chesapeake, the Virginians flourished onhigh benefits, enormous domains, using bondage, battling Indians andattacking slaves. Then again, the New England states were centeredaround a Christian foundation, grounded on family ties, network unity,and prospering from a differing populace. The New England and theChesapeake states, both settled by the English become two entirelydifferent social orders by the start of the eighteenth century. As anoutcome of independence in the two social orders, a huge co ntrast in thedevelopment happened. Extending from family life to religion, to initialincentive for getting away from the old acts of England, to styles ofgoverning, these two networks progressed in inverse ways, however alsoemerged as turning out to be one of a kind effective social orders of the English beginning.

How to do everything wrong and still get into MIT

How to do everything wrong and still get into MIT I solemnly swear that I am about to tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help me God. (Woo, whos been watching too much Law and Order this summer?) In my various unofficial capacities as a knower of MIT-related things, I have been asked many times how, precisely, one goes about getting into MIT. My first response is generally to spout one-liners about passion and hard work. I have been known to mention interviews and essays and extracurricular activities. This doesnt always seem to put the anxiety of prospective students to rest; knowing youre competing against 10,000 other people for spots in a class of 1000 tends to make people unsure of their own merits. But today, I realized that my own high school experience was so far removed from what most people judge to be MIT-worthy that it might be worth sharing. First, Ive always been psyched about brains. When I was in 8th grade, my mom brought home a copy of How the Mind Works by Steven Pinker, who used to be a professor here in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences. Ive also always been a voracious reader, so I snuck it out of her room and read it. And loved it. On the back cover, it said that Pinker was a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. I liked the way that sounded. It had a lot of syllables. Thats not why I applied. Sure, it was part of it I knew MIT had a Brain and Cognitive Sciences department, and I knew thats what I wanted to major in, and, hey, if one of the professors in the department wrote awesome, popular books, it sounded like a good place to be. But more importantly, my freshman year in high school I briefly dated a senior boy whose only ambition was to attend MIT and major in aero/astro. We broke up. He didnt get in. He was devastated. You may see where this is going. Yes, I applied to MIT just to see if I could get in, and then make sure my ex-boyfriend knew all about it. I am a terrible person, blah blah. Besides the terrible motivation for applying, I had a lot of other factors going against me. I was dead-set on attending Ohio State University, because Im from the Columbus, Ohio, area and knew I could probably get a full ride. The best way to get a full ride at OSU is by being a National Merit scholar, so I knew Id have to do really well on the PSAT. So and feel free to admire the logic here I took the SAT on October 14 my senior year as practice for the PSAT on October 17. No test prep, no studying vocab words. I didnt even really care what I got on the SAT, since OSU accepted the ACT, and I wasnt serious about applying to any east coast schools anyway. Good news: I aced the PSAT (80V, 74M, 80W) and got National Merit. Bad news: I got a 1430 on the SAT I. NOTE:I do not personally think that a 1430 SAT I (which I guess would be, say, a 2150 or so now) is a bad score. But there are a lot of people who think that it is a bad score, and there are certainly a lot of people who think you cant get into MIT with a 1430/2150, especially if your math score is sub-700. The one thing I always had going for me was that I was very involved in the performing arts at my high school. I made all 8 shows in the extremely competitive drama department, and even had lead roles in 6 of the 8. I made the elite show choir as a junior the only girl to make it her junior year. I was the captain of the 40-member color guard in a marching band which went to the Fiesta Bowl parade, Orange Bowl parade, and Macys Thanksgiving Day parade. I did other stuff too: counseled 5th graders about drugs, NHS, quiz team, drama club, Latin club, all-Ohio choir, girls state you would sort of suspect that I was doing it for my resume, except that I obviously wasnt gunning for the Ivies. I just like(d) being insanely busy. So during fall of my senior year, between state band competition, show week for the fall play, the Macys parade trip, and Christmas shows for the show choir, I never got around to scheduling an interview with my EC. I didnt really worry about it. I was going to OSU on a full scholarship. I should also mention that my school (which was a decent suburban public high school not awesome, not terrible) had weighted grades. Band and choir were held during the day, so I got band and choir grades, which were obviously As. I had also taken regular geometry and algebra II, then switched to honors for precalculus and calculus. So even though I had almost straight As, I was ranked 11 in a class of 530 because some other kids had figured out that if they only took honors classes and had 4 or 5 study halls a day, they could get straight As and be at the top of the class. I didnt really worry about it. I was going to OSU on a full scholarship with a stipend! Woo! My high school offered 8 AP classes, and I took 3 (Government, English, and US History). Although AP Chemistry, AP Biology, and AP Physics were offered, I didnt take them (physics and chemistry because I hated them; biology because there was a conflict with show choir. To my credit, I did cry.) I did take all the honors science courses offered (biology B, genetics, and meteorology/oceanography), except physics. I hate(d) physics. I have to admit that, looking back on this sorry history, it seems extremely unlikely that I was admitted into the class of 2006. You may also think that it seems extremely unlikely that I attended MIT, since I seemed so set on my scholarship and stipend at OSU my friend Akhil (who has the distinction of being the smartest person from my high school ever to attend MIT there have only ever been two people from my high school ever admitted here!) claims that I never really wanted to go to OSU, I was just telling myself that. Maybe hes right. (He usually is.) Anyway. I hope this story has been at least somewhat informative anecdotal evidence has its limitations, but clearly it is possible to get into MIT without being a super-genius, or slave to schoolwork, or world-renowned master of something frighteningly difficult. (Although I suppose that helps.) Real people get into MIT. Real people even go here.

Ethical Issues Facing The Health Care Profession - 1027 Words

Ethical Issues Ethical issues are â€Å"moral challenges† facing the health care profession (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012, p. 127). Ethical issues are major concern in the healthcare field because healthcare providers observe ethical issues every day and have to make ethical decisions. A great example in the medical field is advance directives these documents are written to address individual’s medical preferences. These documents usually take effect when patients are no longer able to make informed health care decisions for them. These documents are helpful to everyone and health care providers, there are ethical considerations that can make the use of advance directives difficult (Llama, 2014). This author is a geriatric nurse that recently observed an advance directive ethical issue in the clinical setting. The purpose of this paper is to outline the steps of ethical decision-making within the seven steps for the framework. This paper will also identify the facts of the case from the perspective of each person impacted by the situation and identify which ethical principles were involved in the situation. Ethical Issues and People impacted Advance directives can become ethical issues especially when a family attempts to enforce their opinions on healthcare instead of what a patient had requested in a living will. Advance directives, sometimes called a living will, are legal documents that allow an individual to spell out your decisions about end-of-life care ahead ofShow MoreRelated Codes of Ethics in Health Care Essay995 Words   |  4 PagesEthical Codes are in use today by many organizations to clearly establish their values and provide a procedure if a code violation occurs. Medical ethics began as a professional code for physicians and has now expanded and includes a variety of health care professions and health care organizations. 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General George Marshall US Army Chief of Staff in WWII

The son of the owner of the successful coal business in Uniontown, PA, George Catlett Marshall was born Dec. 31, 1880. Educated locally, Marshall elected to pursue a career as a soldier and enrolled at the Virginia Military Institute on September 1897. During his time at VMI, Marshall proved an average student, however, he consistently ranked first in his class in military discipline. This ultimately led to him serving as first captain of the Corps of Cadets his senior year. Graduating in 1901, Marshall accepted a commission as a second lieutenant in the US Army in February 1902. Rising Through the Ranks That same month, Marshall married Elizabeth Coles before reporting to Fort Myer for assignment. Posted to the 30th Infantry Regiment, Marshall received orders to travel to the Philippines. Following a year in the Pacific, he returned to the United States and passed through a variety of positions at Fort Reno, OK. Sent to the Infantry-Cavalry School in 1907, he graduated with honors. He continued his education the next year when he finished first in his class from Army Staff College. Promoted to the first lieutenant, Marshall spent the next several years serving in Oklahoma, New York, Texas, and the Philippines. George Marshall in World War I In July 1917, shortly after the American entrance into World War I, Marshall was promoted to captain. Serving as the assistant chief of staff, G-3 (Operations), for the 1st Infantry Division, Marshall traveled to France as part of the American Expeditionary Force. Proving himself a highly capable planner, Marshall served on the St. Mihiel, Picardy, and Cantigny fronts and was eventually made the G-3 for the division. In July 1918, Marshall was promoted to the AEFs headquarters where he developed a close working relationship with General John J. Pershing. Working with Pershing, Marshall played a key role in planning the St. Mihiel and Meuse-Argonne offensives. With the defeat of Germany in November 1918, Marshall remained in Europe and served as Chief of Staff of the Eighth Army Corps. Returning to Pershing, Marshall served as the generals aide-de-camp from May 1919 until July 1924. During this time, he received promotions to major (July 1920) and a lieutenant colonel (August 1923). Posted to China as the executive officer of the 15th Infantry, he later commanded the regiment before returning home in September 1927. Interwar Years Shortly after arriving back in the United States, Marshalls wife died. Taking a position as an instructor at the US Army War College, Marshall spent the next five years teaching his philosophy of modern, mobile warfare. Three years into this posting he married Katherine Tupper Brown. In 1934, Marshall published Infantry in Battle, which illustrated the lessons learned during World War I. Used in training young infantry officers, the manual provided the philosophical basis for American infantry tactics in World War II. Promoted to colonel in September 1933, Marshall saw service in South Carolina and Illinois. In August 1936, he was given command of the 5th Brigade at Fort Vancouver, WA with the rank of brigadier general. Returning to Washington DC in July 1938, Marshall worked as Assistant Chief of Staff War Plans Division. With tensions rising in Europe, President Franklin Roosevelt nominated Marshall to be Chief of Staff of the US Army with the rank of general. Accepting, Marshall moved into his new post on September 1, 1939. George Marshall in World War II With war raging in Europe, Marshall oversaw a massive expansion of the US Army as well as worked to develop American war plans. A close advisor to Roosevelt, Marshall attended the Atlantic Charter Conference in Newfoundland in August 1941 and played a key role in the December 1941/January 1942 ARCADIA Conference. Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, he authored the principal American war plan for defeating the Axis Powers and worked with other Allied leaders. Remaining near the President, Marshall traveled with Roosevelt to the Casablanca (January 1943)) and Tehran (November/December 1943) Conferences. In December 1943, Marshall appointed General Dwight D. Eisenhower to command Allied forces in Europe. Though he desired the position himself, Marshall was unwilling to lobby to get it. In addition, due to his ability to work with Congress and his skill in planning, Roosevelt desired that Marshall remains in Washington. In recognition of his senior position, Marshall was promoted to General of the Army (5-star) on December 16, 1944. He became the first US Army officer to achieve this rank and only the second American officer (Fleet Admiral William Leahy was first). Secretary of State The Marshall Plan Remaining in his post through the end of World War II, Marshall was characterized as the organizer of victory by Prime Minister Winston Churchill. With the conflict over, Marshall stepped down from his post as chief of staff on November 18, 1945. Following a failed mission to China in 1945/46, President Harry S. Truman appointed him Secretary of State on January 21, 1947. Retiring from military service a month later, Marshall became an advocate for ambitious plans to rebuild Europe. On June 5, he outlined his Marshall Plan, during a speech at Harvard University. Officially known as the European Recovery Program, the Marshall Plan called for around $13 billion in economic and technical assistance to be given to European nations to rebuild their shattered economies and infrastructures. For his work, Marshall received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1953. On January 20, 1949, he stepped down as secretary of state and was re-activated in his military role two months later. After a brief period as president of the American Red Cross, Marshall returned to public service as Secretary of Defense. Taking office on September 21, 1950, his principal goal was to restore confidence in the department after its poor performance in the opening weeks of the Korean War. While at the Department of Defense, Marshall was attacked by Senator Joseph McCarthy and blamed for the Communist takeover of China. Lashing out, McCarthy stated that the ascent of Communist power began in earnest due to Marshalls 1945/46 mission. As a result, public opinion over Marshalls diplomatic record became divided along partisan lines. Departing office the following September, he attended the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953. Retiring from public life, Marshall died Oct. 16, 1959, and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. Sources Nobel Prize.org: George C. MarshallArlington Cemetery: General of the Army George C. Marshall

Cambodian Immigrants And Health Care - 1107 Words

Cambodian Immigrants and Health care in the United States Over the last decade more immigrants have traveled to the United States from Asia than any other nationality (Asian and Pacific Islander American Health Forum [APIAHF], 2015). Understanding the specific needs of this population is important to prevent health disparities. Currently Asians are the only racial group who’s leading cause of death is cancer (Tseng et al., 2010). Asian Americans are also more likely to suffer from hepatitis B and tuberculosis. Both children and adults are more likely to have diabetes due to obesity. Many Asian Americans also suffer from mental disorders, specifically depression and PTSD (Tseng et al., 2010). Cambodian patients in particular have â€Å"significantly higher physical and mental health problems compared to the general population† (Poitras, 2013, para. 1). In fact, sources noted that terrible treatment by the communist group Khmer Rouge which resulted in the Cambodian Genocide, caused a great deal of mental illness in Cambod ian immigrants (C. Heinrich, personal communication, April 24, 2016; Poitras, 2013). Unfortunately, this cultural group experiences considerable barriers to health care for several reasons. Cambodian patients tend to mistrust Western medicine and consider homeopathic options first when experiencing illness. In a personal interview, Cambodian born immigrant C.H. noted, â€Å"many people die in the hospital and few are healed† (C. Heinrich, personalShow MoreRelatedAsian American And Pacific Islanders Essay1981 Words   |  8 Pagessuccess were in their position due to their â€Å"poor† family and moral values. While the myth does work to explicitly propagate racism against black and brown bodies, it implicitly harms AAPIs as well. 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Linguistic Perspectives and Existential Anxiety in Arun Kolatkar’s Poems free essay sample

His poetry represents the quintessence of modernism and left profound influence modern Marathi poets. Despite his inspiring and profound creativity it is ironical that his greatness has not been adequately acknowledged or recognized even after 7 years of his death. I would like to begin by quoting from one of Kolatkar’s Marathi poems. main bhAbhiiko bola kya bhAisAbke dyuTipe main a jAu? bhaRak gayi SAli rahmAn bolA goli chalAungA mai bolA ek raNDike wAste? chalao goli.. He translated the poem into English himself as â€Å"Three cups of Tea† allow me beautiful I said to my sister in law to step in my brothers booties you had it coming said rehman gun in his hand shoot me punk kill your brother i said for a bloody cunt (Three cups of Tea) Although a major influence on Marathi poetry, he is primarily known for his first book of English poetry, Jejuri (1976), a sequence of 31 poems about a visit to the temple of Khandoba at Jejuri, a small town in western Maharashtra. A visual artist and designer by profession Kolatkar went on to win the Commonwealth Writers’ Prize in 1977, while his Marathi verse collection Bhijki Vahi won the Sahitya Akademi Award in 2004-2005. He claimed that he was inspired by the Beat generation poetry as well as by Eliot, Pound, Dylan Thomas and Baudelaire. His early Marathi poems are radical, dark and humorous and they are far more audacious and takes greater liberties with language unlike his later works where his poetic language becomes more accessible and less radical compared to his earlier works. His later works Chirimiri, Bhijki Vahi and Droan are less introverted and less nightmarish. They show a greater social awareness and his satire becomes more direct. Kolatkar’s poetry baffles us, his language shocks us. He deliberately adopts a tone of violence and aggression to shock and shake his readers out of their complacence. His early poetry shows his love for parody, postures and experimentations with language. Aridity and ugliness decay and neglect, perversion and fossilization are all that he sees everywhere. His language also reflects this picture of decadence. His poems include imageries like ‘lime stone loins’, ‘cactus fangs’ for he shared a fascination for the ugly and the grotesque. A bilingual poet who wrote profusely in both Marathi and English; Kolatkars techniques, like many British poets, brings out a blending of casual and terse elements with grim and serious tone: ‘I killed my mother/ for her skin. I must say/ it didnt take much/ to make this pouch/ I keep turmeric in. ’ In Marathi, his oeuvre is shaped by a combination of epic, devotional, and weird science fiction and passionate impulses. In English, Kolatkars impetus and ambition are somewhat different: it is to create a vernacular with which to express, with a febrile amusement, a sort of urbane w onder at the unfinished, the provisional, the random, the shabby, the not-always-respectable but arresting ruptures in our moments of recreation, work, and, as in Jejuri, even pilgrimage. The tone deepens, and darkens, in Kolatkars later poetry. His later works Sarpa Satra and Kala Ghoda make one feel as if Jejuri, was only a first step— though a firm and confident one — towards the questioning. With Kala Ghoda Poems, Indian poetry in English seems to have grown up. The remarkable maturity of poetic vision embodied in the Kala Ghoda Poems makes it something of a milestone in Indian poetry in English. Kolatkar, engaged himself with the unnoticeable, the marginal and the banal in his poems. He loved to depict the old beggar woman, the scruffy bitch with her puppies, the dirty station dog for he felt sympathy for their marginal and outcast forms. In Jejuri such figures make their archetypal presence felt on the reader’s sensibility, there is no dearth of the unremarkable, thwarted and humble dramatis personae, both in animate and inanimate forms, like the battered old fisher woman, the hash seller, the rat poison man, the goon lover, the one-eyed baby, the bicycle tyre, the crow, the pi-dog and the rubbish. Kolatkar’s treatment of these deformed creatures, recluse figures or the left-outs in their impoverished and beleaguered world is wry, colloquial, unsentimental and of course full of compassion that borders on empathy rather than sympathy. For instance in a poem entitled â€Å"Breakfast at Kala Ghoda† the poet identifies with the frail old fisherwoman about to start a quick breakfast. He confesses how he could almost â€Å"taste her saliva in my mouth. † According to Amit Chaudhuri who introduced Kolatkars famous sequence of poems, Jejuri mainly comprises of a series of short lyric utterances and observations through which a narrative unfolds — about a man, clearly not religious, but clearly, despite himself, interested in his surroundings, who arrives on a bus at the eponymous pilgrimage-town in Maharashtra where the deity Khandoba is worshipped. He wanders about its ruined temples, strolls among priests and touts, and then leaves on a train. In some ways, the sequence resembles Philip Larkins Church Going; except that, where Larkins distant, sceptical, bicycle-clipped visitor assumes a serious pose in spite of his doubts one he is inside the church, Kolatkars peripatetic narrator maintains an uneasy, neutral, wry stance, throughout the poem. There are moments of doubts and anguish, and his poems offer an insight into his complex mind. In one of his poem he goes on to ask What is god And what is stone The dividing line If it exists Is very thin. Divided into 36 sections, the poem Jejuri begins with the tone of a casual traveller, and in the course of the poem the poet wades through internal conflicts and dilemmas to come to the realization of a new selfhood and identity. Much like T. S. Eliot Kolatkar’s poems too bring out a conflict between conscious mind and its alter ego. There are lines like ‘Take my shirt off/and go in there to do pooja/ No thanks. /Not me/ But you go right ahead/ if that’s what you want to do’ which almost resemble Prufock’s conflict between his perception and the repressed voice of his alter ego in Eliot’s famous poem, â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock. † The poet conjures up images of stagnation and lifelessness. Prabhakar Acharya in his review of Jejuri claimed that it was an unusual book, ‘witty, playful, humane, unpretentious, a collection of lyrics that could be read as if it were a single long poem. ’ He felt that Kolatkar’s poem would introduce a new dimension in the genre of Indian English Poetry. The 31 poems are interlinked and one can say that they almost abide by a sequential order, in fact there are times when one feels as if one poem leads on to the other. The Hills, for example, is an imagistic poem, depicting the hills of Jejuri as if they were uncanny demons, with ‘sand blasted shoulders/ bladed with shale’ and ‘cactus fang/ in sky meat’. In the next poem The Priests Son, the young boy who comes as a guide tells the tourists that the hills they see ‘are the five demons/ that Khandoba killed’. When the boy is questioned if he really believes in the legend he ‘looks uncomfortable/shrugs and looks away and points out to a butterfly moving on the ‘scanty patch of scruffy dry grass,’ nearby. The next poem to follow is a lyric â€Å"The Butterfly† which goes on to describe a butterfly moving in the grass as ‘just a pinch of yellow’ which ‘opens before it closes’ and then suddenly vanishes at the blink of the eye. Kolatkar’s poems are replete with symbolic overtones. There are times when he is a simple objective observer, at other times he becomes a fragmented consciousness who despite being integral to the experience which he describes, somehow remains isolated. Although Kolatkar was never known as a social commentator, yet his narrative poems tend to offer a whimsical tilted commentary on social concerns. While Jejuri is about the agonized relationship of a modern sensitive individual with the indigenous culture, the Kala Ghoda poems are about the dark underside of Mumbai’s underbelly. It is not only his poetry even his prose works too are marked with dry and sarcastic sense of humor which shocks and shakes us. In an unpublished autobiographical essay written in 1987, he wrote about how he lived in a house â€Å"with nine rooms arranged like a house of cards†, but went on to remark that the â€Å"place wasn’t quite as cheerful as playing cards. The rooms had mud floors which had to be plastered with cowdung every week. He recounted about how he had found a source of hidden treasure in one of these rooms. It was in his father’s study and the treasure consisted of a series of picture postcards showing marvels and monuments of Renaissance art. He was spellbound by their magnificence, but at the same time observed that â€Å"The European girls disappointedâ⠂¬  him. â€Å"They have beautiful faces, great figures and they showed it all. But there was nothing to see. Before ending the paper I would like to quote from one more poem of Kolatkar to highlight how he easily his language shifted from the serious to the banal. Knotting the cord, the midwife said It’s a boy, it’s a boy, it’s a boy Piercing an earlobe, the goldsmith said, Two bucks, just two bucks Syringe in hand the nurse said, It’s not gonna hurt, not a bit. Measuring my dick, Baban said, Mine’s bigger, bigger than yours, Punching my back, Baban said My dad can lick your dad. Kicking my shin, Baban said, Sissy, a sissy, what a sissy you are. Linguistics involves the scientific study of human language which can be broadly broken into three categories or subfields of study: language form, language meaning, and language in context. Kolatkar’s use of shocking images offers a glimpse of the decadence and fragmentation of the world which he sought to depict in his poetry. Through the form, structure, meaning of his language he brings out this sense of dilapidation in his verses. It is as if he wishes to say that there cannot be any refined or well defined language structure in this world which has suffered a complete breakdown of communication. I would like to conclude the paper with few lines from one of his Jejuri poems â€Å"God is the word/and I know it backwards/I know it as fangs,/inside my flanks/. But I also know it/ as a lamb/between my teeth,/as a taste of blood upon my tongue. Dr. Anindita Chatterjee Assistant Professor in English Sanskrit College, Kolkata Dr. Anindita Chatterjee works as Assistant Professor in English in Sanskrit College, Kolkata. She has done her Phd on â€Å"Poetry of Madness† from Jadavpur University. Her publications include ‘John Clares poetry of Asylum Years’, ‘History as Fiction or Fiction as History? A History Fiction Interface in Khaled Hosseini’s The Kite Runner’, ‘A Study of the Feminine Identity in the Poetry of Toru Dutt’, ‘Of Displaced Identities and the Assertion of Selfhood: A Comparative Analysis of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart and Manik Bandopadhyay’s Padma Nadir Majhi (Boatmen of the River Padma)’, A Book Review of Rohan Gunaratnas Inside AL-Qaeda, The Global Network of Terror. Her forthcoming publications include ‘Arun Kolatkar’s â€Å"An Old Woman†: A Study in Angst’, ‘A Study of Victorian Mental Asylums’ and a book on Indo-English Poetry entitled Ethics and Identity in  Contemporary  Indo-English Poetry. She is currently working on a UGC Project on Popular Indian Fiction. Besides critical works several of her poems and short stories have also been published. She has participated and presented papers in several national and international seminars in India and abroad. She is actively involved with the Centre of Studies in Romantic Literature and had been a co-editor the Newsletter of the Centre as well. She makes regular contributions to leading English Dailies. Her areas of interest include Classical British Literature of Romantic and Victorian Period, Indian Writing in English, Films and Indian Popular Culture.